Geopolítica en el Mar Rojo

Por Jesús Ariel Rivero, Rosario , Argentina, Redacción de Revista TU VOZ.

Las milicias hutíes que dominan gran parte del norte de Yemen lanzaron en solidaridad con el pueblo palestino un boicot contra buques israelíes que se dirigían a sus puertos. A su vez efectuaron una ofensiva con misiles contra Israel.

A mediados del 2014 se desató en Yemen un conflicto bélico civil que dejo por el momento según Amnistía Internacional 250.000 muertos y 4.500.000 desplazados con una población que sólo supera los 20.000.000 de habitantes.

Los huties, que al día de hoy ejercen el poder sobre la capital Saná y el estratégico puerto de Hodeida, sobre el Mar Rojo, enfrentan un gobierno con sede en Adén, en el sur, que cuenta con el apoyo político y militar de Arabia Saudita, de Estados Unidos y Europa. Todos acusan a los huties de contar con el respaldo político de Irán, Irán lo niega.Lo que demandan los huties es la salida de las tropas militares extranjeras del territorio yemeni, el fin del bloqueo de Arabia Saudita sobre sus puertos y la libertad de sus detenidos.

Este año en el marco del acercamiento diplomático entre Arabia Saudita e Irán que patrocinó China, hubo una ronda de negociaciones entre los huties y el Consejo de Liderazgo Presidencial afín a Riad, con mediación en Omán.

Pero todo parece haber quedado en el aire a partir del genocidio israelí contra Gaza, que marcó un punto de inflexión en la región y obligó también al príncipe saudita a poner en suspenso la normalización de relaciones con Tel Aviv. En Yemen se realizan algunas de las movilizaciones más masivas en apoyo al pueblo palestino, que algunos estiman en millones de personas.

En el sur, en tanto, existe una gran fragmentación de fuerzas. Además del gobierno que hoy encabeza Rashad Al Alimi (quien reemplazó en 2022 a Abd-Rabbud Mansur al Hadi), y que tiene el apoyo saudita, también el Consejo Transicional, apañado militar y políticamente por los Emiratos Árabes, que puja por un Estado independiente en el sur.En agosto de 2022 las tropas del Consejo Transicional le quitaron al gobierno de al Alimi el control de la provincia de Abyan.vPor estos días, dicha entidad anunció una especie de “boicot al boicot» de los hutíes, alineándose con los Estados Unidos.A estos dos bloques se suman las Fuerzas de Resistencia Nacional, de Tariq Saleh, derrocado por el levantamiento popular en 2011, tras un largo gobierno), y el partido Islah, ligado a los Hermanos Musulmanes.

Por último, operan también en el sur Al Qaeda y el Estado Islámico.Esta claro el escenario de desintegración cultural-territoritorial, que recuerda a Libia o Somalia.

La coalición lanzada por la Casa Blanca en el Mar Rojo se suma al despliegue de nuevas unidades en Medio Oriente, a partir del 7 de octubre, y al envío de bombas y proyectiles para Israel.

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